Evaluasi Spasial Dan Klasifikasi Kualitas Sinyal Lora Di Lingkungan Indoor Bertingkat dengan Algoritma K-means
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.61124/sinta.v2i3.84Keywords:
LoRa, RSSI, K-Means Clustering, Kualitas Sinyal, Lingkungan IndoorAbstract
Implementasi jaringan LoRa di gedung bertingkat menghadapi tantangan redaman sinyal akibat struktur fisik bangunan yang kompleks. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengevaluasi distribusi spasial kualitas sinyal LoRa dan mengidentifikasi pola persebarannya di sebuah gedung perkantoran 18 lantai. Pengambilan data dilakukan pada 119 titik ukur yang tersebar di 16 lantai, dengan parameter utama Received Signal Strength Indicator (RSSI) dan Signal-to-Noise Ratio (SNR). Algoritma K-Means Clustering diterapkan untuk mengklasifikasikan titik-titik pengukuran tersebut ke dalam kelompok-kelompok berdasarkan karakteristik kualitas sinyal yang serupa. Hasil clustering membentuk enam klaster yang merepresentasikan tingkat kualitas sinyal dari ‘sangat buruk’ hingga ‘sangat baik’. Analisis menunjukkan bahwa distribusi kualitas sinyal sangat tidak merata; lantai seperti 5, 9, dan 13 didominasi oleh klaster sinyal ‘sangat baik’, sedangkan lantai dasar, mezzanine, 1, 14, dan 15 justru menunjukkan kualitas sinyal yang rendah. Temuan kunci dari penelitian ini adalah bahwa jarak ke gateway bukan merupakan satu-satunya penentu kualitas sinyal. Banyak titik dengan kualitas buruk justru berada dekat dengan gateway, yang mengonfirmasi bahwa halangan fisik dalam ruangan memiliki pengaruh dominan terhadap atenuasi sinyal LoRa.
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